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Effective protection of wetlands and effective restoration of forests

Release time:

2018-08-20

General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed: at present and for quite a long time in the future, it is necessary to put the restoration of the ecological environment of the Yangtze River in an overwhelming position, pay attention to major protection, and do not engage in large-scale development. How to grasp the ecological and environmental protection of the Yangtze River Economic Belt? During the National Two Sessions, CPPCC members put forward their own ideas on specific management measures and work in key areas.

有效保护湿地　有力修复森林

Concern one

Member Li Changan: Building a Yangtze River Wetland Protection Network

Wetlands, forests and oceans are also called the three major ecosystems of the earth, and are called "the kidney of the earth". The Yangtze River wetland is of great significance for biodiversity maintenance, flood regulation and pollutant degradation, and wetland protection is one of the keys to the ecological environment protection of the Yangtze River Basin.

Data show that the area of the Yangtze River wetland is close to 25 million hectares, accounting for about 20% of the total wetland area in the country, of which nearly 9 million hectares are natural wetlands, 17 are listed in the list of key international wetland protection, and 168 national and provincial wetland nature reserves.

"Although the Yangtze River wetland protection has achieved remarkable results in some areas, the overall situation remains grim. The wetland protection rate in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is only 34.77 percent, far below the national average." Li Changan, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and deputy director of the Central China Resources, Environment and Sustainable Development Research Center, said that the protection of the Yangtze River wetland is a complex social system project that requires a multi-pronged approach and multiple measures.

"At present, there are no laws and regulations specifically protecting wetlands in China, and wetland protection lacks legal support." Li Changan said that the implementation of the strategy to protect the ecological environment of the Yangtze River Economic Belt urgently needs to formulate a national wetland protection law as soon as possible. Use legal provisions to clarify the basic definition of wetlands, the responsibilities of administrative departments, the punishment boundaries and implementation standards for acts of destroying wetlands, etc., so as to ensure that there are laws to follow for the protection of wetlands, and the destruction of wetlands is severely punished in accordance with the law.

In addition to laws and regulations, the protection of the system is essential. Li Changan believes that the top-level design should be done for the ecological protection of the Yangtze River wetland, and the wetland protection plan for the Yangtze River Basin should be prepared as soon as possible. He suggested that wetland protection should be incorporated into the national economic and social development plan of the Yangtze River Basin, at the same time, the red line of wetland ecological protection should be delineated, the evaluation mechanism and ecological compensation mechanism should be established, and the strictest environmental impact assessment system should be implemented.

"The wetland ecosystem in the Yangtze River Basin is a very complex system. To effectively protect the wetland ecosystem in the Yangtze River Basin, it is necessary to carry out in-depth and systematic scientific research." Li Changan said that it is necessary to focus on selecting important wetlands along the main stream of the basin, and carry out systematic research on their current status, functions, resource and environmental carrying capacity, the impact of human activities, and development trends under changing conditions.

"The Yangtze River Economic Belt has a high population density (up to 500 people/km2 or more) and a wide range of human activities. The protection of the ecological environment of the Yangtze River wetland depends to a large extent on the conscious actions of the broad masses of cadres and masses." Li Changan said that it is necessary to create an atmosphere for the whole society to protect the wetlands along the Yangtze River and make full use of economic levers to protect the wetlands along the Yangtze River.

Concern two

Member Wang Jiguang: Strengthening Forest Protection and Restoration

Regarding the ecological and environmental protection of the Yangtze River Basin, Wang Jiguang, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and deputy secretary-general of the Chongqing Municipal Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, focused on forest restoration and protection.

"To promote the ecological protection of the Yangtze River economic belt, forest restoration and protection lack of planning guidance." Wang Jiguang said that some cities along the Yangtze River, especially small and medium-sized cities in the upper reaches, have not carried out special planning, lack of operational guidelines in various places, and the progress of related work is slow. Some areas along the river lack of control measures for urban and rural construction along the river, and random destruction of forests along the river occurs from time to time.

To this end, he suggested that the planning and control of forest restoration and protection in the Yangtze River Economic Belt should be further strengthened. With the construction of important ecological barriers in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River as the core of ecological restoration, an ecological pattern is formed with the ecological barriers of important tributaries in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River as the skeleton and supplemented by wetland ecological networks, traffic greenways and urban agglomeration forest space. Taking the 5000 meters around the Yangtze River and its primary and secondary tributaries (including the 175-meter water level of the Three Gorges Reservoir, the horizontal depth is 5000 meters) as the key ecological belt, the ecological barrier framework of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is constructed, so that the forest coverage rate reaches and stabilizes at 50% Above, and strengthen the control of urban and rural construction along the river.

In terms of policy support, Wang Jiguang suggested that the ecological public welfare forest land in the Three Gorges Reservoir area should be designated as an "ecological special zone", a special fund for ecological compensation in the reservoir area should be established, and the current subsidy policy for returning farmland to forests should be appropriately adjusted, and the subsidy for afforestation and seedling should be increased to 800 yuan to 1000 yuan per mu. The subsidy for living expenses should be increased to more than 200 yuan per mu.

"In addition, it is necessary to further increase the protection of land for forest restoration and protection in the Yangtze River Economic Belt." Wang Jiguang said that the 100-meter landscape belt on both sides of the Yangtze River is one of the core contents of the Yangtze River Economic Belt ecosystem, which plays an important role in protecting the stability of the Three Gorges Reservoir and preventing sediment from invading the Three Gorges Reservoir. In order to build a 100-meter landscape belt near the river in the reservoir area, he suggested that this part of the land should be expropriated, eco-tourism should be vigorously developed, and ecological migration in the reservoir area should be started as soon as possible.

"We also need to improve the management level of restoration and protection." Wang Jiguang said that it is necessary to adhere to the concept of open development, while strengthening public investment in living infrastructure and other public investment, it is necessary to extensively absorb social capital to participate in protection, and further improve the scientific and technological level of forest protection and restoration.

The article is reproduced in the original link of Qiushi: http://www.qstheory.cn/zoology/2017-03/14/c_1120623836.htm

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Effective protection of wetlands and effective restoration of forests

强盛